KANNAWIDAN FESTIVAL

     

     The Ilocos Region is very rich in many aspects. It is full of extraordinary historical events which made the region unique among the other regions. And this includes the foods, delicacies, literary works, tradition, ethnic music, handmade products etc. Kannawidan Festival, a week-long celebration that celebrates and preserves stunning culture, customs and tradition of Ilocanos. During this festival different activities I held. This activities includes different competitions such as quiz bee, essay writing, painting and many more. This is such a great and important occasion for all the Ilocanos. Because this is the time to reminisce our past, our culture and to treasure it for this is our identity. This is who we are, Ilocanos.

    The Bicentennial Ylocos Festival goes full blast with the traditional opening ritual led by Gov Ryan Singson together with the indigenous people of Ilocos Sur and other local officials, with Executive Secretary Salvador Medialdea and DepEd Secretary Leonor Briones as guests of honor. The festival showcases the rich heritage, tradition, culture, arts, crafts and delicacies of Ilocos Sur. Locals revived traditional practices that Ilocano elders passed on in the annual Kannawidan Festival but made it more meaningful this 2018 because of the province celebration of Bicentennial Kannawidan Ylocos festival from January 27 to February 11. “The traditional opening display the identity proofs that there is a culture that we have form through the years, and we will continue our journey towards the future. A lesson is learned for 2 centuries and that is, as province that we will continue with its glorious past in achieving a more glorious future. Let us walk and celebrate together our independence as a province, a starting point of our journey, let us all remember, and with pride let us be proud to be Ilocosurians for 200 years ,”said Gov. Ryan Singson. The Kannawidan (local term for traditional practice) festival was also an occasion to strengthen the Ilocano culture, recognize Ilocos Sur’s sons and daughters who brought honor to the province, celebrate abundant harvest or just to celebrate the Ilocano spirit that continues to drive locals to boost the province. Various festivities were staged from trade, agriculture, aqua and livestock while a display of farm products opened the 17-day festival. Tradition was also found in the culinary treats that residents prepared including delicacies that Ilocos Sur is known for. Different Municipalities displayed products under the One-Town-One-Product (OTOP) booth inside the trade fair. Relative to this, on January 29, 2018 a concelebrated mass was done, followed by a procession. After that a boodle fight (Kinammet in Iloco meaning to eat with bare hands) eating the traditional way was led by the governor and other provincial officials, with Executive Secretary Salvador Medialdea and Dep Ed Secretary Leonor Briones and the whole PGIS Family. Right after, the viewing of Dancing Fountain and fabulous Fireworks was done at the Plaza Salcedo, in front of the Provincial Capitol.

Reference:
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CHANGE STARTS WITH ME

    

  “Everyone thinks of changing the world, but no one thinks of changing himself.” — Leo Tolstoy. It was the American author and speaker John C. Maxwell who wrote: “Most people want to change the world to improve their lives, but the world they need to change first is the one inside themselves.”

     Everyone has an opinion on what is wrong with the world, yet few will do the work to improve their own lives. It is easy to draw attention to what is wrong in the world because on one level it is frustrating to observe these conditions and stand back while they take place. I often remind myself and others, the world has existed for 4.54 billion years and is much older and wiser than us. We have existed for a minor part in that timeline and conditions weren’t always ideal, in fact history shows conditions were less than idyllic.

     So, a Utopian paradise needn’t exist for us to be happy. We can still thrive despite the unrest in the world because outside conditions aren’t as bad as you think they are. If you want to change reality start with yourself first and attend to your own personal development. In doing so, problems give way to solutions and no longer affect you.

    Author Larry Weidel writes in Serial Winner: 5 Actions to Create Your Cycle of Success: “If we all live the richest life possible, it’s personally fulfilling, but it also changes the world.” You want to make a difference in this world, right? I am no different from the rest of you in this respect – in fact, I am probably more likely to claim this statement. Ever since I realized the mass potential of our lives, I’ve sub-consciously carried a mission to change the world and leave it a better place than when I found it. However, recently I’ve had a re-think. This desire to change the world all sounds very heroic and noble and grand. But is it possible? Is it really possible to change the world, to make huge differences so that people hail us and shower us with praise? Yes and no. I think it is possible to make a difference in the world, perhaps to a small handful of the world’s population. But on the other hand, I don’t think it’s possible to change the world. There’s a difference between changing the world, and making a difference in the world, which is important to recognize because I believe you can do one but you can’t do the other.

    The truth is, it is possible to change the world. But to change the world, you have to change yourself first. You have to change your mentality, your habits, and your actions. It’s not easy changing yourself, but it’s necessary if you want to make a massive impact. Here are four steps that you can take today to change yourself positively and create a massive positive impact on the world.

Stop comparing yourself to others.

Reference:

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NEW YEAR, NEW ME!

     

    New year’s day was celebrated in 45 B.C. for the first time. At that time, it was more of calendar adjustment than a celebration. Julius Caesar, Roman dictator decided to reform failing Roman calendar which was introduced in 7th century B.C. It was based on the lunar cycle, it used to fell out of phase frequently with the seasons and had to be corrected. 

     New Year is the time of the year when everyone wants to treasure the jubilant spirit of the moment. We find various ways to explore and experience more and more about the story of this day. New year Day is a special day for our people. Markets and shops are crowded with people. Everyone is making shopping buying tasty things and presents. We decorate our house with decoration, and new year tree. We make our hardstand and put all things on it. We send post cards to friends and give presents to close people. In our town you can see New Year tree. And all families go in the evening and take photos there. There you can hear sounds of salutes and crackers. Some crackers are so dangerous. And to use propellant explosion in the streets is canceled because it scare people and not safe. New year is a time when many people around the world make promises however, many of the promises made by people are rarely completed. I plan to recycle and improve my grade .

     My first resolution of the new year recycle. Recently I really need to recycle more to protect the ozone layer. I did a little research and I came across some valuable information if I do not recycle there are consequence, plastic stays there for centuries and centuries. I researched that plastic that has sat in landfills for a period of time can turn into a sort of chemical waste. The poison ruins the soil and soil polluted . When I do not recycle I am doing damage to the environment.

    I want to continue passing all of my test grades by doing homework asking questions in class, paying attention and checking my work before I handed doing all of that will bring me into a good and that’s what making me do well this year . I have to do all of these things to let my dream come true , which is going to an excellent and making my parents proud of me.

    Lastly, I will read more books to widen my knowledge. This year I will read more about self-improvement, Computer and history books. I will spend more time with my younger brother. My younger baby brother he needs more attention from his older brother. I'll spend more time talking with him, more time playing with him and more time reading story books beside him. 

    In conclusion, there are too many things which are not written here I want to achieve in this year. Overall, in 2019 I will open my heart, take more action to become a doer not just a dreamer.

    By the way, I wish you and your family a year of happy , healthy and wealthy!






Reference:
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Essence of Christmas

*For to us a child is born, to us a son is given—Isaiah 9: 6

WE are in that special season once again, a season of joy, of peace, of great tidings. A season when we celebrate the birth of Christ the King, the redeemer of mankind! Jesus is the reason for the season.

Christmas is not just a time for festivity and merry making. It is more than that. It is a time for the contemplation of eternal things. The Christmas spirit is a spirit of giving and forgiving. For many, especially children, the meaning of Christmas is simply how many good presents they get. But as we all know (hopefully), that’s not the real meaning of Christmas.

As we get older, we realize that there’s more to it than presents. Every now and then there will be a movie or news story on television about some truly generous giver. And with that, we are reminded of a better perspective on the holidays; that it is like Jesus said, “More blessed to give than to receive.”

We must also spare time to reflect on the essence of the period which is the love of God for humanity. This unquantifiable love is summed up in the popular bible verse John 3: 16 “For God so loved the world that he gave us his only begotten son, that whosoever believeth in him will not perish but have eternal life.”When we ponder on God’s love for us, we too are encouraged to share love with others, to embrace peace and be our brother’s keeper. When we are imbued with this love of God, we will be always willing to give a helping hand to those in need, to give succour and comfort to the vulnerable ones amongst others.

Anyway, the essence of celebrating Christmas season is not to have a house full of Christmas lights, having a tall and beautiful Christmas tree full of gifts underneath it and giving expensive gifts. Christmas basically means sharing what you have, not just the material things but also those that can only be felt like a warm, tight hug, a simple thank you, showing our appreciation to our loved ones and forgiveness among others.

Whichever of these are important to you this holiday season, just remember that it’s the thought that counts and that love is the most important thing in the world. When love governs our hearts and minds, everything will follow and we don’t need to wait for Christmas time to share our love to other people.

Equal rights, Equal opportunities

Equality is to make sure everyone has equal rights and opportunities. By law every organisation has an equal right opportunity.

Gender is one of the ways we need to consider in order to be fair and equal. This is achieved when a women and a man have the same rights and opportunities across the whole society, including economic participation such as a man and a women are both equally involved in a group called ‘be green’ in that group both the female and the male have equal chances to speak about the ideas and not being discriminated due to her gender saying she is a women and therefore she doesn 't understand anything so keep her to the side, or it could be vice versa because this is discrimination and everyone in the UK have equal rights which states to respect that persons nationality and accept them as they are part of society. In order to really know whether their has been equal opportunities the government measures women and men in a range of roles and compares them to other countries which effects the outcome for each country. Believing that one gender which is often males is naturally higher in status than the other is called sexism, sexism is used to justify the inferior treatment and stop opportunities of women. Sexism holds the belief that if a person is a women/man then they would not be right for the job without even looking at their qualifications.

In America, men and women appear to be equals, by having equal rights and equal opportunities. However, that is only how it appears to be. In reality, society has issued roles for each gender to feel obligated to strive towards or away from. It is difficult to be a woman in society, culture and religious beliefs have greatly influenced the roles that are expected from women by passing down the stereotypes and discrimination from generation to generation.

Isulong: Tamang pag-aaruga para sa lahat ng bata

It's hard to be a surgeon, an architect, a doctor, a teacher or a boxer. Is there really no easy profession here in the world but is there more to a parent's profession? For me, this is the hardest of all races in the world. Most people are planning to take on this challenge but sometimes it gives them a chance to date with other people.

Marriage is something but breeding is a new big challenge. The nine-month pregnancy of a mother is full of many physical, mental and financial tests. Childbirth puts one mother's foot in the pit. The next few months are especially desperate for the cause of the mother. It requires mutual patience and presence from the couple.

As parents, mothers and fathers are responsible for the proper care of the child in good or even in the worst season. This situation is unavailable. It will test the length of the patient's persistence and patience without paying a wage.

Proper care should begin with regular breastfeeding. It has been proven to be the most effective way to achieve optimum health for a child through exclusive breastfeeding. So encourage all mothers to actively do it.

The mother and father's joint forces are also needed to improve the child well. This means that the two parents should spend enough time and time for the child. The right education, behavior and discipline should start at home so children will be good and worthwhile citizens.

If a child is a disciplined and disciplined man, he or she will be inspired and become a noble example to others so the role of responsible parenting plays an important role. The nation's development and prosperity are based on proper care.

"Pagbasa: susi sa magandang kinabukasan"

From time to time people have wondered why reading is important. There seems so many other things to do with one's time. Reading is fundamental to functioning in today's society.

It is not a secret that reading is the key to success; we have been told and taught this from a very early age. And now in the age of the internet -- reading, writing, and communication skills are more valuable than any other skills you possess. What is the key to great communication and writing skills? You guessed it, reading.

It has been proven that children who read better, perform better in school and have a more active imagination, leading to a larger world and more possibilities for success. I have been reading well for a long time; my mother taught me to read before I went to preschool and I can say that having that knowledge early made my school days a breeze. Even in classes that were not my strong suit, being able to at least read the material well and understand it to the best of my ability often saved me. Of course, this goes back to reading comprehension, which goes hand and hand with reading well. And children who were taught early tend to read better. But, you probably don't want to read about one person's story, because everyone is different.

Reading is a vital skill in finding a good job. Many well-paying jobs require reading as a part of job performance. There are reports and memos which must be read and responded to. Poor reading skills increases the amount of time it takes to absorb and react in the workplace. A person is limited in what they can accomplish without good reading and comprehension skills.

Reading is important because it develops the mind. The mind is a muscle. It needs exercise. Understanding the written word is one way the mind grows in its ability. Teaching young children to read helps them develop their language skills. It also helps them learn to listen. Everybody wants to talk, but few can really listen.

Reading is how we discover new things. Books, magazines, and even the internet are great learning tools which require the ability to read and understand what is read. A person who knows how to read can educate themselves in any area of life they are interested in. We live in an age where we overflow with information, but reading is the main way to take advantage of it.

Reading is important because words -- spoken and written are the building blocks of life. You are right now, the result of words that you have heard or read and believed about yourself. What you become in the future will depend on the words you believe about yourself now. People, families, relationships, and even nations are built from words.




Reference:
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"Mapanuring paggamit ng gadyet tungo sa mapagkalingang ugnayan ng pamilya at kapwa."

The inevitable innovation of modern communication technology is a highly prevalent issue in today’s generation. Numerous people believe that it has an effect to social relationships. Communication has had a big impact on family life in our society. Cell phones have become very popular in the past few years. One of the gadgets is cell phones that has been very popular with younger generations as a communication.

There is no doubt about it-the way we communicate with our family members today has changed dramatically in recent years. Just a decade ago, text messaging, blogging, and emails were not methods of family communication. Today, they are widely used by families around the world. For example, parents use text messages to remind children of their curfews. Children send emails to their parents to give them their Christmas lists. College students use Web cameras to say good night to their family member who live hundreds of miles away. These are just a few of the many ways in which technology has changed the way families communicate with one another in today’s modern world.

Some people say that technology is impacting families in a negative way. For example, instead of playing games or eating dinner together, more and more families are instead turning on the television, using the computer, and constantly text messaging on their phones. Some people believe that families are ditching the real world in favor of the cyber world. Other people argue that technology is essential to good family communication in today’s society. As parents and children have different agendas and interests, the widespread use of cell phones and the Internet help them stay in touch and communicate regularly.

Today’s technologies make it easy to communicate, some people believe that they create interruptions to family time and make it easy to avoid face-to-face time. Communication is extremely important between family members, especially when some of them live far away. For this reason, today’s technological advances are very helpful to families with busy schedules or widely spread families.

New technologies, especially those that utilize the Internet, create many new opportunities for communicating with family and friends. The Internet also offers many new avenues for social interaction through social networking sites, online support groups, and chat rooms. Many families find email and chat rooms useful for keeping in touch with family members who live far away or even for keeping better tabs on those who live nearby. But can technology replace face-to-face time? Most experts say no. When it comes to communicating feelings and attitudes, human beings use more than just words. They also use physical gestures, tone of voice, and body language to express themselves (Fitzpatrick, 2008). These are all important elements of communication. Therefore, some people argue that, if you do not regularly communicate face-to-face with family members, you may miss important signs that they are sad, frustrated, or depressed.

In summary, families have a lot to gain from modern technology that allows us to interact virtually and instantly with family members. Without technology such as cell phones, email, text messaging, and blogs, we would have a more difficult time connecting with nearby and long-distance family members on a regular basis. However, while technology supports maintaining relationships, it should not replace face-to-face communication. In order to fully connect with family members, it is important to see them in person regularly. 

Overall, the modern technology is convenient, I strongly believe that people should control their use of technology, and never forget the essential of personal interaction. Hence, technology is detrimental to their relationship with the society if they get addicted to it.

In conclusion, technology appears to be an excellent way to communicate with family members. However, it may be important to create guidelines to help ensure that adequate face-to-face communications take place, as well.








Reference:
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"Coming together with those furthest behind to build an inclusive world of universal respect for human rights and dignity."

   It is important to recall the fundamental connection between extreme poverty and human rights, and that people living in poverty are disproportionately affected by many human rights violations.

  Joseph Wresinski was one of the first persons to highlight this direct link between human rights and extreme poverty. In February 1987, he appealed to the Human Rights Commission to examine the question of extreme poverty and human rights and eloquently captured the nexus between human rights and extreme poverty with his profound observation: “Wherever men and women are condemned to live in extreme poverty, human rights are violated. To come together to ensure that these rights be respected is our solemn duty.”

Government policies alone cannot create the social inclusion that is fundamental to reaching those left furthest behind and overcoming poverty in all its dimensions. 

   When people living in poverty take the floor and share their experiences, demonstrates how we can achieve greater social inclusion by enabling people from all walks of life to come together to respect the human rights and dignity of people living in poverty. It underscores the importance of reaching out to people living in poverty and building an alliance around their priorities with citizens from all backgrounds to end extreme poverty. It recognizes the important mutual roles and relationships we have with each other based on our common and equal dignity.

    The International Day for the Eradication of Poverty can strongly complement such initiatives because it aims to ensure that the active participation of people living in extreme poverty and those furthest behind is a driving force in all efforts made to overcome poverty, including in the design and implementation of programmes and policies which affect them. Only by creating and nurturing a genuine partnership with people living with poverty will it be possible to build an inclusive world where all people can enjoy their full human rights and lead lives with dignity.

    Government policies alone cannot create the social inclusion that is fundamental to reaching those left furthest behind and overcoming poverty in all its dimensions. 

 Despite some progress in poverty reduction, growing inequality is a global challenge. We must tackle the root causes, including laws that discriminate and marginalize. Despite some progress in poverty reduction, growing inequality is a global challenge.

"Wavefront: Accentuating Potentials, Activating Technological Advancements"

  "Wavefront: Accentuating Potentials, Activating Technological Advancements" is the theme of the National Science Club Month this 2018. The theme urges everyone of us to use our talents, maximize our knowledge, and unleash our potentials so that we can contribute in the development, progress, and advancement of technology. We may not know it, but even our smallest efforts can contribute to our society, and inspire other people to take actions too. 

      Technology has long been present in the world. However, we use it in an abusive manner. We use our cellphones to waste our time. We use the internet to waste our time on games, to bash, to collect gossip, and other meaningless things. Why don't we use the internet to learn or to read advancement in technology articles? Why don't we use the internet to discover new things such as topics about how to apply science to minimize the expenses that are parents shell out. We will be surprised to see that there are a lot of "do-it-your-own" things that can save us from buying expensive detergents, soaps, deodorizers, and other household essentials. Making our own essentials is after all technology in itself because they make our life easier.

  “Wavefront: Accentuating Potentials, Activating Technological Advancements”. The National Science Club aims to focus on giving importance to Michael Faraday’s discovery of electricity and magnetism as part of the same phenomenon (electromagnetism), which is now the cornerstone of human technological advancements that brought significant changes in the world until today, and even upcoming changes in the future. The theme also assigns to the youth and Science clubbers the responsibility or role of accentuating potentials and activating technological advancements.

       If we discover our potentials as early as now, we will know more about ourselves such as our strengths and our weaknesses. If we know these, we can capitalize on our own strengths and improve our weaknesses so that we can contribute to our society. Who knows, we might be the next scientist, architect, engineer, doctor, teacher or officer out there. Regardless of what occupation we might have, if we accentuate and capitalize on our potentials, we can surely make a difference to make this world a better place - just like how technology does it.

RESILIENCY OF FILIPINOS ON DISASTERS

An archipelago of over 7,100 islands, the Philippines is the fourth most at-risk country in the world in terms of climate-related natural disasters, such as typhoons, sea level rise, flooding and extreme temperature. It is one of the op three countries in the world for population exposure and has the largest proportion of capital investment and stock along coastlines. Already it is estimated that multi-hazard average annual loss for the Philippines is US$7.893 million, which is equivalent to 69% of social expenditure in the country. The changing nature of meteorological hazards and emergence of the "New Normal" mean that events such as Super Typhoon Haiyan--and the devastating impact it had-- can be expected to occur more frequently, intensifying potential losses. High levels of poverty 25% of the population are living the national poverty and high inequality result in large demographics being unable to prepare, cope with and recover from disasters. The Philippines government has devoted significant resources to build disaster capacity and reduce population exposure and vulnerability. a focus on the Philippines with its high risk, challenges of poverty and inequality, can serve as a model on how to build resilience and promote disaster risk reduction (DRR). The Philippines government takes disaster risk seriously and has devoted significant resources to build disaster capacity and reduce population exposure and vulnerability, nationally and locally.

The Philippines, is a leading regional actor in disaster risk management. However, a full picture of who is doing what, how, where and when on resilience and disaster preparedness measures are having in the Philippines.

here, the term "preparedness" follows the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) definition of "the knowledge and capacities developed by governments, professional response and recovery organizations, communities and individuals to effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover from, the impacts of likely, imminent or current hazard events or conditions." The definition of resilience is also taken from UNISDR terminology to mean "the ability of a system, community or society exposed to hazards to resist, absorb, accommodate to and recover from the effects of a hazard in a timely and efficient manner, including through the preservation and restoration of its essential basic structures an functions." It provides an assessment of extant research on the theory and practice of community-based resilience, highlights the gaps in activities being conducted, and finishes by providing recommendations of key priorities for the future of resilience and DRR work in the Philippines, a leading regional actor in disaster risk management.

Like resilience, community is a popular term that is still loosely defined in the literature.  A group of people living in the same place or sharing similar characteristics may contain numerous internal conflicts and divisions and may not act as a cohesive entity during a disaster, despite the connotations the term ‘community’ conjures. Nevertheless, measuring resilience at the community level is advantageous. Communities have a unique understanding of the factors that contribute to their ability to resist, absorb and recover from disturbances as well as a direct understanding of the risks that they face. The social norms, social capital and social networks in which individuals are embedded will determine disaster behaviour and the outcomes of a disaster. Preparedness plans developed internally by communities have been shown to be better than those developed externally by consultants. In the event of a disaster, neighbours and local peers are inevitably the first responders. Communities are therefore the most effective locus of disaster preparedness activities.

The Philippines has a strong set of policies, frameworks and plans for disaster risk reduction (DRR), through which work on resilience can be grounded. The key law is the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010 (DRRM Law). The DRRM Act establishes local councils at the regional, provincial, municipal, and community levels that replicate the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council’s (NDDRMC) responsibilities; however, these local councils are often understaffed or lacking professionalisation and a significant gap exists as the NDRRMC cannot supervise all the local councils. Local political leaders’ support of disaster management, local appreciation of the importance of disaster management, funding, and training and support from the national government determine the effectiveness of local councils. Climate change is altering the playing field as areas that had historically not been affected by disasters, and as such had been less likely to proactively view disaster management, are increasingly likely to face extreme, unpredictable weather events.

Hazards, vulnerability and risk assessments

It is uncertain how well disaster risk is communicated to the public, how many projects focus on improving community knowledge on hazards and disaster risk, and challenges remain in measuring and assessing the complex nature of all the factors which can influence disaster risk locally. There are limited studies to measure the combined socio-ecological resilience of the Philippines, at local and national scales, to help decision-makers locate areas of high vulnerability. Comprehensive risk and vulnerability nation-wide and localised mapping exists from organisations such as the Manila Observatory and the Department of Science and Technology. Post-disaster assessments exist but there is more need for equivalent pre-disaster risk assessments to be generated and shared with communities. Communicating risk information and ensuring communities personalise their risk are proving challenging. Even amongst highly educated demographics, such as medical students, there was a tendency to overestimate the risk of low probability, high consequence disasters such as geophysical disasters (e.g. earthquakes) over high probability events like floods. Post-Haiyan surveys found that the public had not understood what “storm surge” signified, did not necessarily know that their houses were located in a potential storm surge area, and even expressed opinions that the risk maps may be exaggerated. A number of NGOs, including the Philippines Red Cross, conduct community-based vulnerability assessments to improve community awareness. More work on hazard sensitisation and continuing to augment awareness and knowledge of hazards and the threats they pose appear to be needed.

Early warning systems and evacuations

Early warning systems and evacuation plans necessarily rely on a public who understands their risks and understand the consequence of the information being disseminated, so that they can prepare appropriately in sufficient time. Community culture, perceptions and values are known to be important components of successful early warning systems and there are calls for greater integration of local/indigenous knowledge related to DRR within science and policy. Both an independent study and a PAGASA (the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration) programme introduced community-based monitoring and early warning of hazards into several provinces and showed these were effective complements to traditional centralised early warning systems because they were real-time, localised, empowered those in the best position to undertake preparation and were more likely to be sustained. Finally, evacuation planning, involving the pre-emptive evacuation of people in high risk locations, has been an effective means of reducing disaster impacts in the Philippines because in general communities are compliant.

It appears that community networks and reciprocity are the predominant mechanisms through which Filipinos cope with risk. Strong community or familial links have been shown to be just as effective as formal insurance schemes, post-disaster. On an everyday basis, Filipinos promote bayanihan, which is a strong social norm of community welfare and reciprocal labour and comes into play during disasters, in which those less affected help those which have been hit harder. There is some indication that in geographical regions most exposed to disaster risk, mutual associations and networks devoted to mutual assistance proliferate most readily. However, community-based mutual assistance activities cannot always be relied upon. Community support may be widespread during the initial rehabilitation efforts, but during long-term recovery community-level activities become rarer and support is exclusive to extended family members. Community-based activities are nuanced, social networks will be influential and the nature of the disaster and devastation will likely determine how the community comes together and who is excluded.

Capacity building for disaster preparedness

Capacity building is occurring across levels from local to national in the Philippines, but focus is predominantly at the local level where numerous actors and networks are collaborating with communities to identify existing capacities, as well as provide the opportunity to build infrastructure, which could minimise the impacts of a hazard. Differences in community resources, livelihoods options and assets affect local capacity and the extent to which capacity can be strengthened. A case study in Iloilo City showed that community-driven DRR required strong social networks, alternative finance facilities, technical professional networks that support community processes, and community managed information systems. Furthermore, it has been highlighted that schools and student groups could play an important, though yet untapped, role in capacity-building for DRR.

The government is also contributing significantly to capacitating local government units (LGUs) by developing a checklist of actions to be taken, supplies to be procured, and important resources together with providing communications and contingency templates for disaster preparedness. These are aimed at the Mayors as well as local chiefs of police and fire marshals. Yet, it is not clear whether these data collection efforts at the LGU level will contribute to improved national disaster preparedness.

REFERENCE LINK:

- IPCC, 2014: Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, R.K. Pachauri and L.A. Meyer (eds.)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 151 pp.

- Poverty in the Philippines: causes, constraints, and opportunities. Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2009.

- Bollettino V, Dy P, Alcayna T, Vinck P. DisasterNet Scoping Study. USA: Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, 2015.

- Uscher-Pines L, Chandra A, Acosta J. The promise and pitfalls of community resilience. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2013 Dec;7(6):603-6. PubMed PMID:24345588.

- www.google.com.ph/search?q=resiliency+of+filipinos+on+disasters&client=ms-android-samsung-gj-rev1&prmd=inv&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj3vMXIgpLdAhVJZt4KHdwOC1AQ_AUIESgB#imgrc=QQckco_xQmap4M:&isa=y

SANAYSAY TUNGKOL SA FILIPINO: WIKA NG SALIKSIK (LANGUAGE RESEARCH)

     Ang wikang Filipino, na siyang pambansang wika sa Pilipinas ay ang wikang ginagamit sa lahat ng sulok ng bansa. Ito ang nagsisilbing sinturon upang maitali ang mga mamamayan upang maging isa sila sa kanilang mga diwa, pangarap at kalsadang tinutugpa. Mahirap na isipin kung walang sariling wika na magiging daan upang magkabuklod-buklod ang mga hiwa-hiwalay na isla ng Pilipinas. Sa paglipas ng panahon, mapatutunayan na ang wika ang siyang pinakamahalagang sandata upang maiparating ng isang bansa sa kanyang mga mamamayan ang mga pangyayari, kasaysayan at bahagi ng ekonomiya nito.

   Buwan ng Wika na ginaganap tuwing Agosto sa buong bansa. Dito iikot ang aktibidad na gaganapin sa bawat paaralan. Ito ay ang gagamiting basehan sa buong buwan na mga aktibidad gaya ng jingle writing, paggawa ng slogan/slogan making, poster making/pagggawa ng poster, pagggawa ng salaysay/tula/sanaysay at iba pa.

   Pinagtibay ng Kalupunan ng mga Komisyoner ng KWF ang Kapasiyahan Blg. 18-24 na nagpapahayag na ang tema ng Buwan ng Wika para sa taong 2018 ay “Filipino: Wika ng Saliksik.”

     Ano ba ang "saliksik"? Ang "saliksik" ay katumbas ng research sa Ingles. Alam mo siguro ang mga salitang nagsasaliksik o pananaliksik? Saliksik o "research", ibig sabihin nito ay matalik na paghahanap. Naghahanap tayo ng sagot o mga sagot sa ating mga katanungan. Kaya tayo nagsasaliksik. Ang akto ng paghahanap na ito ay tinatawag na "saliksik".

    Ang tema ay kumikilala sa wikang Filipino bilang midyum sa paglikha at pagpapalaganap ng pambansang karunungan at kaunlaran. Makikita natin sa tema palang na ang pagbabago ay palaging nangyayari pati ang ating sariling wika ay merong mga pagbabagong nagaganap at sa kabilang banda maraming din itong pagbabagong naitutulong sa bawat Pilipino na patuloy paring nililinang at ginagamit ang ating pambansang wikang Filipino. Ang tema ay nakabase sa memorandum na ginawa ng DepEd sa tulong ng Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino (KWF).

     Nais ng KWF na kilalanin ang wikang Filipino bilang midyum sa paglikha at pagpapalaganap ng pambansang karunungan at kaunlaran.

     Sa pamamagaitan ng temang ito, layon ng KWF na palaganapin ang wikang Filipino sa iba't ibang larangan ng karunungan, lalo na sa agham at matematika. Gusto ng KWF na gamitin natin ang wikang Filipino sa pagsasaliksik natin ng kaalaman.

    Ang paggamit ng Filipino bilang wika ng saliksik ay nagbibigay at naglalayon na pagtibayin ang paggamit ng pambansang wika sa iba’t ibang larangan ng pag-aaral mapa-akademiko, syensya, atbp. Kung ito rin ay ating gagamitin sa pananaliksik, magkakaroon ng mas malalim na pag-unawa sa mga paksang kadalasa’y hindi batid o maintindihan ng karamihan.

    Ang wikang Filipino ang wika ng lahat ng tao na naririto sa Pilipinas at ito ang nagbibigkis sa ating lahat ano pa man ang iyong propesyunal na antas. Kung marami ang makakaunawa sa isang saliksik dahil ito ay inilahad sa lenggwahe na naiintindihan ng karamihan, mas mapapalawak din ang pagsulong ng isang pagsasaliksik. Ika nga nila, kung mas maraming ideya ang malilikom mula sa sari’t saring mga tao, mas napapalawak ang kaalaman tungkol sa isang bagay.

   Kung titignan natin, kakaunti sa mga saliksik dito sa ating bansa ang nakalimbag sa wikang Filipino. Karamihan sa mga ito ay nakalathala sa wikang Ingles. Mabibigyan lamang ito ng halaga ng maliit na porsyento na mga higit na makakaunawa sa mga ito.

     Sabi nga ng tanyag na pambansang bayani na si Gat. Jose Rizal,  “Ang hindi magmahal sa sariling wika ay higit sa hayop at malansang isda; kaya ating pagyamaning kusa, gaya ng inang sa atin ay nagpala.”

SCAVENGER HUNT

CHALLENGE I

Search the Internet and supply the following facts and information
. Write your answers in the table below.

NUGGETS	ANSWER	LOCATION	VALUE: Sources/Author/Date Published/Sponsor/Copyright	Search Engine	Search Technique
1. Sometime in 1991, a chief scientist at the NIIT, named, started an experiment hole in a wall.	Dr. Sugata Mitra	http://www.hole-in-the-wall.com/Beginnings.html	© Hole-in-the-Wall Education Limited 2015	Google	Phrase searching
2. What does NIIT stands for?	National Institute of Information Technology	https://www.acronymfinder.com/National-Institute-of-Information-Technology-(India)-(NIIT).html	The Acronym Finder is © 1988-2018, Acronym Finder, All Rights Reserved	Google	Pseudo-Boolean Logic
3. It was implemented at a slum area in New Delhi.	“ hole in the wall”	http://www.hole-in-wall.com/Beginnings.html	© Hole- in- the wall education limited 2015	Google	Phrase searching
4. His team carved a hole in the wall that separated NIIT campuses from slum areas. Why did they carve hole in the wall?	To put a freely accessible computer	http://www. Hole-in-the-wall.com/Beginnings.html	© Hole- in- the wall education limited 2015	Google	Phrase searching
5. What was the significant finding of the experiment?	The acquisition of basic computing skills by any set of children can be achieved through incidental learning	http://www. Hole-in-the-wall.com/Beginnings.html	© Hole- in- the wall education limited 2015	Google	Phrase searching
6. What could be the implications of this finding to existing teaching practices especially those that are related with the use of ICT in learning?	Through this hole, a freely accessible computer was put up for use. This computer proved to be
		http://www.hole-in-the-wall.com/Beginnings.html	© Hole-in-the-Wall Education Limited 2015	Google	Phrase searching
	an instant hit among the slum dwellers, especially the children. With no prior experience, the children learnt to use the computer on their own. This prompted Dr. Mitra to propose the following hypothesis: The acquisition of basic computing skills by any set of children can be achieved through incidental learning provided the learners are given access to a suitable computing facility, with entertaining and motivating content and some minimal (human) guidance.